What is it?
Cognitive problems affect memory, attention, language, planning or judgement. They range from mild changes to dementia, where daily activities become difficult.
General Neurology
Memory and Cognitive Problems
Forgetfulness is common, but memory or thinking problems that affect daily life deserve assessment. Some causes are treatable.
What symptoms can occur?
- Forgetting recent events or repeating questions
- Difficulty finding words or following conversations
- Getting lost in familiar places
- Trouble managing money, medicines or daily tasks
- Changes in mood, behaviour or personality
Treatable causes
Some causes of memory problems can be treated or improved:
- Vitamin B12 deficiency and thyroid problems
- Depression, anxiety and poor sleep
- Side effects of medicines
- Normal pressure hydrocephalus and some infections
When should someone seek urgent care?
- Sudden confusion or a sudden change in thinking or speech
- Confusion with fever, severe headache or after a head injury
- Rapid decline over days to weeks
Sudden confusion can be a stroke or another emergency: call 108.
How is it evaluated?
Assessment includes a history from the patient and a family member, a neurological examination and memory testing, blood tests for treatable causes, and brain imaging where appropriate.
When further evaluation is needed
Further tests or specialist input may be advised when problems are progressing, when the diagnosis is uncertain, or when symptoms begin at a younger age.
What treatment options are available?
- Treating any reversible cause
- Medicines that may help symptoms in some types of dementia
- Managing blood pressure, diabetes and other vascular risk factors
- Support and planning for patients and families
FAQs
Frequently asked questions
Is forgetfulness a normal part of ageing?
Mild forgetfulness can be. Problems that are getting worse or affecting daily life should be assessed.
Should a family member come to the appointment?
Yes, if possible. A family member’s description of the changes is very helpful.
Open Mon–Sat, 9AM–5PM
Book a consultation
Request an appointment for memory or thinking problems at KIMS Hospitals (New Facility), Kondapur, or call the clinic. Bring previous prescriptions, scan reports and a list of your current medicines.
Request appointment
Choose a day from Monday to Saturday. The clinic calls back to confirm your time.
Request appointmentClinic hoursMon–Sat, 9AM–5PM9AM5PM